Difference between Cognizable and Non-Cognizable Offence
In the criminal justice system, the terms "cognizable" and "non-cognizable" refer to the nature of a criminal offense and the powers of the police to take action in response to the offense.
A cognizable offense is one in which the police have the power to make an arrest without a warrant, based on their own knowledge or information received, and to initiate an investigation on their own initiative. Examples of cognizable offenses include murder, robbery, and theft.
A non-cognizable offense is one in which the police do not have the power to make an arrest without a warrant or to initiate an investigation on their own initiative. In cases of non-cognizable offenses, the police can only take action if they receive a complaint and a warrant is issued. Examples of non-cognizable offenses include defamation and breach of trust.
The distinction between cognizable and non-cognizable offenses is important because it affects the powers of the police and the process of investigation and prosecution of criminal cases.
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